During a urology endoscopy, an endoscope, a long, thin tube with a light and camera on the end, is used to examine the urinary tract and diagnose and treat various conditions. Endoscopy procedures are frequently used in urology to evaluate the prostate, urethra, and bladder and to diagnose conditions such as prostate, bladder, and bladder cancer. This article will discuss various urology endoscopy procedures, their advantages and disadvantages, and what to expect before, during, and after the procedure.
Types of Urology Endoscopy Procedures
Urology endoscopy procedures can be used in several different ways to diagnose and treat a variety of conditions. These steps consist of:
Cystoscopy: During cystoscopy, an endoscope is used to look inside the bladder and urethra. In most cases, the procedure is used to identify and evaluate problems such as urinary tract infections, bladder cancer, and other conditions that may affect the bladder and urethra.
Prostate biopsy: During a prostate biopsy, a small sample of tissue is removed from the prostate gland and examined for signs of cancer or other abnormalities. To perform a prostate biopsy, an endoscope may be inserted through the urethra or through a small skin incision.
Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP): Using an endoscope inserted through the urethra, excess tissue is removed from the prostate gland during the TURP procedure. Typically, the procedure is used to treat an enlarged prostate or other problems that may impair urinary function.
Benefits of Urology Endoscopy
Minimally invasive: One of the main advantages of urology endoscopy is that it is a minimally invasive procedure, requiring no significant incision or a long recovery period. Since local anesthetics are often used during endoscopy procedures, the patient is awake but unconscious during the procedure. The procedure is typically performed on an outpatient basis and the patient is allowed to leave the hospital the same day as the procedure.
Accurate diagnosis: With the help of urology endoscopy procedures, a healthcare professional can fully visualize the urinary tract and detect problems such as bladder cancer, prostate cancer, and other abnormalities. To confirm the diagnosis and choose the most appropriate course of treatment, the healthcare provider may use an endoscope to collect biopsy samples and perform additional diagnostic procedures.
Effective treatment: Urology endoscopy procedures can also be used to successfully treat a variety of urinary tract conditions. For example, by removing extra tissue from the prostate gland, TURP can improve urinary function while reducing the risk of complications such as urinary tract infections. For example, a cystoscopy may be used to remove bladder tumors or other abnormalities, which will improve symptoms and reduce the likelihood of developing further problems.
Disadvantages of Urology Endoscopy
Complication risks: Although urology endoscopy procedures are generally safe, there is a possibility of complications such as infection, bleeding and urinary tract damage. Although generally rare, these complications can be very harmful if they occur. Before undergoing a procedure, patients should talk with their healthcare provider about the possible risks and benefits.
Not suitable for everyone: Procedures involving urology endoscopy may not be suitable for everyone, especially if they have certain allergies or medical conditions. For example, the procedure may not be safe for people with clotting problems or allergies to certain medications. Before the procedure, patients should talk to their healthcare provider about their medical history and any concerns they may have.
Price: The cost of urology endoscopy is another potential drawback. Endoscopy procedures can be expensive, and not all insurance plans cover them. It is very important that patients talk to their healthcare provider and insurance provider in advance about the cost of the procedure and factor in possible out-of-pocket costs. Patients sometimes have access to alternative treatment options that are more affordable or covered by insurance.Reference: ŞENEL, Ç., AYKANAT, C., & TUNCEL, A. (2018). Urological Basic Endoscope: Stourethroscope and Ureterorenoscope. Current Urology, 777.
Prof. Dr. Gökhan Koç graduated from Gazi University Faculty of Medicine in 2000. After his graduation, he worked as a research assistant in the urology clinic at Tepecik Training and Research Hospital for 5 years and became a specialist doctor in 2007. He currently provides services in urological surgery in İzmir.